WATER
WATER IS FUNDAMENTAL TO MANY BODILY PROCESSES
EXPECTED LIFE SPAN WITHOUT IT IS 3-4 DAYS, AT HOME TO
PROCURE IT YOU TURN ON A TAP AS THERE ARE NO TAPS IN A
SURVIVAL SITUATION YOU MUST LEARN HOW TO PROCURE AND
PURIFY WATER IN SUCH A SITUATION
1 WATER REQUIREMENTS:WITH LIGHT TO MODERATE EXERTION IN
A TEMPERATE CLIMATE THE AVERAGE DAILY REQUIREMENT IS 1.5 TO 2
LITRES WHEN INVOLVED IN PHYSICAL EXERCISE IN DIRECT SUNLIGHT
TO TEMPERATURES AROUND 30 -35 DEGREES CELSIUS WATER REQUIREMENT
WILL INCREASE TO 4 TO 5 LITRES I FREQUENTLY NEEDED TO DRINK 8 LITERS A
DAY WHILE WORKING IN A HOT ENVIROMENT IT IS
IMPORTANT TO TAKE IN ELECTROLYTES WHEN DRINKING SO MUCH WATER
EXTREME WATER LOSS WILL OCCUR DUE TO PROFUSE SWEATING,
DIARRHOEA,VOMITING,BLISTERS
SYMPTOMS OF WATER LOSS
5% THIRST SLEEPLESSNESS,FLUSHED SKIN,LOSS OF APATITE
10% WALKING AND BREATHING DIFFICULTY,HEADACHE,DIZZINESS
15% DELIRIUM SWOLLEN TONGUE,NUMB AND SHRIVELLED SKIN
INABILITY TO SWALLOW,DEATH
REDUCE YOUR WATER LOSS TO CONSERVE YOUR WATER BY
WEARING LIGHT COLOURED LOOSE FITTING CLOTHING KEEP AS MUCH
OF BODY COVERED AS POSSIBLE
AVOIDING STRENUOUS ACTIVITY
REST IN HEAT OF DAY WORK AND TRAVEL EARLY MORNING OR LATE
AFTERNOON OR EVENING
AT SEA DAMPEN CLOTHING DURING DAY
RATION YOUR SWEAT NOT YOUR DRINKING WATER IF URINE IS CLEAR
YOU ARE WASTING WATER IF IT DARK BROWN YOU NEED WATER
IF WATER IS SCARCE AVOID EATING HIGH PROTEIN FOODS
PROCUREMENT OF WATER:
WATER MAY BE PROCURE IN MANY DIFFERENT WAYS
AND FROM MANY DIFFERENT SOURCES
1 ABOVE GROUND SOURCES SUCH AS RIVERS CREEKS,DAMS ETC
ENSURE TO PURIFY SAFER TO CONSIDER ALL CONTAMINATED
2 ROOTS AND STEMS OF PLANTS CUT INTO I METER LENGTHS
SHARPEN ENDS AND DRAIN INTO CONTAINER
3 SOLAR STILL WILL TAKE WATER FROM
PLANTS, GROUND MOISTURE,ANY STAGNANT OR FOUL WATERS
INCLUDING URINE & SALTWATER
4 TRANSPIRATION BAGS WILL TAKE WATER FROM TREES
5 BELOW GROUND SOURCES LOWEST POINT IN RIVER BED DIG DOWN
TO FIND WATER,BEHIND FIRST SAND DUNE MOIST GROUND ETC
6 DEW MOP UP IN EARLY MORNING WITH SOME SORT OF SPONGE
7 RAIN WATER CATCH IN WHATEVER IS AVAILABLE PLASTIC SHEET
IS IDEAL
IMPORTANT POINTS
DONT DRINK SEAWATER, URINE, RADIATOR WATER WHICH
MAY HAVE ADDITIVES IN IT,PLANT WATER WILL CAUSE DIARRHOEA IF
DRUNK IN LARGE QUANTITIES, DIG SOLAR STILLS AT NIGHT
WATER WILL BE MORE PLENTIFUL FROM TREES IN GULLIES
WATER INDICATORS :
1 A COLUMN OF ANTS ON A TREE MAY INDICATE WATER WITHIN THE TREE
2 BEES ARE A GOOD INDICATOR THAT WATER IS NEAR WITHIN RADIUS
OF 1 KILOMETRE
3 GRAIN EATING BIRDS NEED WATER WATCH THERE FLIGHT EARLY
MORNING AND DUSK AND FOLLOW IT
4 GAME TRAILS FOLLOW A MAIN ONE IF IT CONVERGES WITH
ANOTHER ONE IT WILL PROBABLY LEAD TO WATER
5 MOIST GROUND
6 TERMITE NEST IN TREE INDICATES WATER WITHIN TREE
WATER PURIFICATION:BOIL WATER AT LEAST 5 MINUTES
FILTER DIRTY WATER BY CHARCOAL FILTER FIRST THEN BOIL
AD CHEMICAL PURIFIERS,SOLAR STILL
VERY IMPORTANT TO PURIFY WATER IF YOU CATCH A BUG IT WILL CAUSE
VOMITING AND DIARRHOEA A MAJOR CAUSE OF WATER LOSS
FILTERING DIRTY WATER ONLY TAKES OUT SOLID PARTICALS IT DOES
NOT MAKE WATER SAFE TO DRINK
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