FOR ANY EXTREMES OF ENVIROMENT THAT WE MAY ENCOUNTER SO IT IS
IMPORTANT IF WE ARE TO SURVIVE ANY TYPE OF EMERGENCY SITUATION
THAT WE HAVE THE KNOWLEDGE AND ABILITY TO PROVIDE FOR OUR NEEDS
IN THAT SITUATION
PROTECTION INVOLVES:
*A: TREATMENT OF ILLNESS AND INJURY {VLP}
BECAUSE OF THE COMPLEXITY AND IMPORTANCE
OF THIS PART OF PROTECTION IT IS DELT WITH
SEPERATELY.PLEASE TAKE THE TIME TO COMPLETE A FIRST AID
COURSE RUN BY AN AUTHORISED ESTABLISHMENT
*B: ENSURING ADEQUATE CLOATHING IS WORN
*C: CONSTRUCTING A SHELTER
*D: PREPARING A FIRE
*E: NATURAL DISASTER PROTECTION EG CYCLONE, FIRE,
EARTHQUAKE, THUNDERSTORM, HAILSTORM
CLOATHING:
CLOATHING IS YOUR FIRST LINE OF PROTECTION AGAINST
ENVIROMENTAL EXTREMES BE PREPARED FOR CURRENT AND
EXPECTED CONDITIONS AS WELL AS POSSIBLE CONDITIONS.
YOU MAY ALSO HAVE TO PROTECT AGAINST INSECT PESTS.
BUT ONE DAY YOU MAY
STILL GET CAUGHT UNPREPARED WHEN THIS HAPPENS YOU WILL
NEED TO KNOW HOW TO IMPROVISE OR MAKE CLOATHING THE
FOLLOWING ARE SOME HINTS AND IDEAS THAT MAY ASSIST
1:PLASTIC BAG OR PLASTIC SHEET EXCELENT TO CARRY FOR EMERGENCYS
IDEAL TO KEEP OUT RAIN ALSO STOPS COLD WINDS GARBAGE BAGS
ARE IDEAL
2:IF CAUGHT IN A COLD ENVIROMENT WITH INADEQUATE CLOTHING OR
WET CLOATHING IMPROVE INSULATION BY STUFFING CLOATHS WITH
GRASS, CATTAIL DOWN ,LEAVES ANYTHING NOT DANGEROUS TO PROVIDE
A DEAD AIR SPACE.
3:TO PROTECT FROM SUNGLARE TRY IMPROVISEING SUNGLASSES
BY CUTTING SLITS IN SOME CLOTH AND TYING OVER EYES
4:IMPROVISE HATS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF CLOATHING BY WEAVING
NATURAL MATERIALS IT TAKES PRACTICE TO GET GOOD AT
WEAVING SO I RECOMEND LEARNING THE SKILL BEFORE YOU NEED IT
5:ANIMAL HIDES ARE GOOD TO MAKE CLOATHING BUT IT TAKES LOTS OF
TIME AND EXPERTISE NOT TO MENTION GETTING THE HIDE
ONLY CONSIDER FOR LONG TERM SURVIVAL AND DO SOME
FURTHER STUDY ON SUBJECT
6:USE ANY MAN MADE MATERIAL IE PARACHUTE CLOTH HESSION BAG
ETC
7:HOT & SUNNNY CLIMATES KEEP SUN OFF BODY WEAR LOOSE
FITTING LIGHT COLOURED CLOATHING
SHELTER:
THERE ARE HUNDREDS OF TYPES OF SHELTERS USED FOR MANY
DIFFERENT CONDITIONS
SHELTERS BUILT FOR SURVIVAL PURPOSES SHOULD BE
SMALL,REQUIRE LESS MATERIALS ARE FASTER TO BUILD EASIER TO
KEEP WARM
SIMPLE,DONT NEED TO BE EINSTEIN WITH AN ENGINEERING WORKSHOP
WILL BE QUICKER TO BUILD
SUITABLE, MUST BE SUITED TO CONDITIONS DONT TRY TO BUILD
AN IGLOO IN A DESERT
SAFE,MUST BE SAFE BOTH IN CONSTRUCTION AND IN LOCATION
EASY TO REMEMBER Survival Shelters Small Simple Suitable Safe
THE 6 S,s OF SHELTER
1: SNOW CAVE DIG OUT SNOW BANK TILL YOU HAVE
A CAVE IMPORTANT TO MAKE SURE YOU HAVE PLENTY OF VENTILATION
AND THAT YOU ARE INSULATED FROM SNOW
2: LEAN TO GOOD FOR WARMER DRYER CLIMATES IT IS SIMPLE TO
CONSTRUCT FROM SOME SORT OF MATERIAL SUCH AS A SHEET OF PLASTIC
OR FROM
NATURALLY AVAILABLE MATERIALS IT WILL KEEP OF EVENING DEW
LIGHT RAIN AND PROVIDE SHADE THROUGH DAY AND IF CONSTRUCTED
WITH SIDES IN THE CORRECT DIRECTION IT WILL PROVIDE A USEABLE,
WINDBREAK IT IS ALSO A GOOD SHELTER TO WORK UNDER IT HAS A
COUPLE OF DRAWBACKS IT IS NO GOOD IN DRIVING RAIN OR VERY
WINDY CONDITIONS AND IT DOES NOT RETAIN HEAT VERY WELL
BECAUSE OF ITS OPEN DESIGN
3: RAISED PLATFORM SHELTER THIS IS A PLATFORM USED FOR SLEEPING
ON COVERED BY SOME SORT OF ROOF THIS TYPE OF SHELTER IS USED
FOR AREAS OF HIGH GROUND MOISTURE AND ALSO IN SOME CASES
TO PROTECT FROM PESTS ALSO HAS THE ADVANTAGE BECAUSE OF ITS
DESIGN TO BE CONSTRUCTED AND COMFORATABLE ON UNEVEN OR ROCKY
GROUND. IT IS A VERY GOOD SHELTER BUT IT MAY BE A LITTLE
DIFFICULT TO BUILD AND POSSIBLE A LITTLE DIFFICULT TO GET
IN AND OUT OF
4: A FRAME SURVIVAL COCCOON USED FOR VERY COLD CONDITIONS
IT CAN BE CONSTRUCTED ENTIRELY WITHOUT ROPE AND FROM ALL
NATURAL MATERIALS 30 TO 60 CM WALL THICKNESS DEPENDING
ON CLIMATE USE BARK ETC FOR WALLS IT IS WATERPROOF IF
CORECTLY MADE AND WILL KEEP OUT REASONABLY HIGH WINDS
5: IMEDIATE ACTION SHELTERS THE ABOVE SHELTERS REQUIRE UP TO
AN HOUR OR MORE TO CONSTRUCT THIS MAY NOT BE AN ACCEPTABLE
AMOUNT OF TIME IN SOME SITUATIONS AND A MORE READILY
ACCESIBLE SHELTER WOULD HAVE TO BE UTILISED. THE FOLLOWING
ARE SOME EXAMPLES
IN CAR OR AIRCRAFT,CAVE, IN HOLLOW OR OTHER
NATURAL WINDBREAK,UNDER TREE THAT HAS FALLEN AND WILL NOT
FALL ANY FURTHER,ETC KEEP IN MIND THAT THESE SHELTERS MAY
ONLY BE USEFULL UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS FOR EXAMPLE A HOLLOW
IN GROUND MAY PROVIDE ADEQUATE PROTECTION FROM A COLD WIND
BUT WOULD DO LITTLE TO IMPROVE YOURE HEALTH IN A HAIL STORM
COMMON SENSE ALSO NOTE THAT THESE SHELTERS MAY BE QUICKLY
IMPROVED ON BY THE ADDITION OF NEARBY MATERIALS
SHELTER SELECTION:
WILL DEPEND ON WEATHER, INSECTS AND FLORA,FAUNA,MATERIALS WICH ARE AVAILABLE, LENGTH OF STAY,IMEDIATE NEEDS,
AND ACCESS
SHELTER LOCATION:
SHELTER SHOULD NOT BE LOCATED ON WIND SWEPT RIDGE,IN DRAUGHTY GULLY,NEAR LAKE SHORE,UNDER DEAD TREE,AT BASE
OF CLIFF,IN DRY STREAM BED,OR NEAR INSECT NEST.IT SHOULD
BE LOCATED NEAR NATURAL WINDBREAK,ON GENTLE SLOPE,NEAR A
SUITABLE LOCATION FOR SIGNALLING & CLOSE TO CONSTRUCTION
MATERIALS AND FUEL{FIREWOOD}
SHELTER HINTS:
DIG WATER CHANNELS AROUND YOUR SHELTER,COLD ASHLAID DAILY AROUND YOUR SHELTER WILL HELP KEEP INSECTS OUT
IF POSSIBLE SLEEP ABOVE GROUND,LEVEL SITE & REMOVE ROCKS
STICKS ETC, A MATRESS OF DOWN GRASS OR LEAVES ETC WILL MAKE
IT MORE COMFOATABLE,SET UP TWO HOURS BEFORE SUNSET IF POSSIBLE
SURVIVAL SITE PLANNING AND HYGENE:
TOILET LOCATION 100M FROMCAMPSITE AND DOWNHILL 100M FROM WATERPOINT AND DOWNSTREAM
PROVIDE COVER TO STOP FLIES DIMENSIONS 1M DEEP 1M LONG .5M WIDE
COOKING AND EATING UTENSILS KEEP ABSOLUTELY CLEAN
REFUSE PIT KEEP STONES ON TOP TO STOP DIGGING SCAVENGERS
LOCATE NEAR LATRINE, SITE SHOULD BE IF POSSIBLE NEAR VEHICULAR
ACCESS POINT OR RESCUE POINT
FIRE:
FIRE IS A VERY IMPORTANT SURVIVAL TOOL IT PROVIDES US WITH*LIGHT
*WARMTH {REFLECTOR FIRE}
*PROTECTION AGAINST INSECT AND ANIMAL PESTS
*AN EXCELENT LOCATION AID {SIGNAL FIRE}
*COOKING CAPABILITY{SMALL FIRE}
*WATER STERILIZEATION
* AN EXCELENT TOOL FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF OTHER
SURVIVAL TOOLS
SUCH A USEFULL TOOL IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW HOW TO SAFELY START AND
CONTROLL IT WHEN NECASARY
FIRE PREPAREATION:
PRIOR PREPAREATION IS CRUICIAL TO THE SUCCESSFULLAND SAFE STARTING OF A FIRE.SELECT FIRE SITE AVOID AGAINST TREE
TRUNK OR WET GROUND. CLEAR AROUND FIREPLACE TO A DISTANCE
OF 1 METER AND UP TO A HEIGHT OF 2 METERS NOTE THESE
SPECIFICATIONS ARE FOR A SMALL COOKING FIRE COLLECT AMPLE
QUANTITIES OF FUEL OF ALL GRADES BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO START
FUEL GRADES: TINDER, WOOD SHAVINGS,DRY GRASS,BIRD FEATHERS,
KERO SOAKED RAG CATTAIL DOWN,DRY MOSS
KINDLING,SMALL PIECES OF WOOD UP TO FINGER THICKNESS USED TO IGNITE FUEL
FUEL FINGER TO WRIST SIZE BEST TYPE OF FUEL TO USE FOOR COOKING
BULK FIREWOOD IS TO BIG TO BREAK FUEL PUT ON FIRE AFTER GOING STRONG
EVEN WET OR GREEN
FIRE STARTERS: LIGHTERS AND MATCHES {CARRY SOME}
FLINT AND STEEL
MAGNIFYING GLASS
FIREBOW AND DRILL
TYPES OF FIRES
1: REFLECTOR
2: SIGNAL
3: TEPEE
4: TRENCH
5: STAR
NATURAL DISASTERS:
BUSHFIRES CAN KILL IN 5 WAYS BODYS HEAT REGULATION MECHANISM FAILS
THE BODY IS BURNT,THE LUNGS ARE SEARED,A PERSON IS OVERCOME
BY SMOKE AND DIES BY LACK OF OXYGEN,A PERSON IS POISONED
BY CARBON MONOXIDE OR OTHER POISONOUS GAS.THE MOST IMPORTANT
CAUSE IS THE HEAT REGULATION MECHANISM FAILS DUE TO HEAT
STROKE CAUSED BY RADIATION.
HINTS TO SURVIVE:1 DO NOT PANIC
2 DONT RUN UPHILL OR AWAY FROM FIRE UNLESS SAFE
REFUGE NEARBY
3 DO NOT SHELTER IN ABOVE GROUND WATER TANK
4 TRY TO MOVE ON TO BURNT OR BARE GROUND
5 PROTECT FROM RADIATION
FLOODS:FLOODS OCCUR EVERYWHERE
1 AVOID CREEK CROSSINGS DURING FLOOD
2 MAKE SURE OF GOOD SUPPLY OF WATER
3 HAVE SURVIVAL KIT READY WITH RADIO{BROADCAST BAND}
4 TREAT ALL FLOODWATER AS CONTAMINATED
5 DONT TOUCH WET ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT SWITCH OF ELECTRICITY
6 MOVE BELONGINGS AND YOURSELF ABOVE FLOOD LEVEL
CYCLONE:
1 KEEP CALM STAY INSIDE
2 SHELTER IN STRONGEST PART OF HOUSE
3 IF IN FIELD MY SUGGESTION WOULD BE SHELTER THAT PROVIDES
A LOW SIDE AREA IN A NATURAL WINDBREAK HOLLOW IN GROUND
PROVIDED IT WOULD NOT FILL WITH WATER
EVEN A DRAINED TRENCH WITH HEAVY WOODEN ROOF DUG INTO
GROUND AND COVERED WITH ROCKS
4 BEWARE OF THE EYE THE EYE IS THE CALM CENTER OF THE CYCLONE
IT CAN COME AND GO VERY QUICKLY WHICH COULD LEAVE YOU IN DANGER
THINKING THAT THE CYCLONE HAS PASSED.
5 ALSO PREPARE AS FOR FLOODS
HAIL AND THUNDER STORM:
1 GET UNDER COVER FROM HAIL IT CAN KILL,A GREEN TINGE TO
SKY MAY WARN OF HAIL
2 MAKE SURE EQUIPMENT IS SECURED
3 IF CAUGHT IN OPEN DURING THUNDER STORM LAY FLAT
4 AVOID SOLITARY TREE AND HILL TOPS
EARTHQUAKE SUDDEN SHAKING OF EARTH
1 DONT PANIC
2 MOST INJURIES ARE FROM FALLING OBJECTS SO TAKE COVER
3 DO NOT LIGHT ANY FIRES INCLUDES MATCHES AND CANDLES
this is because of the posibility of fire and explosions due to burst gas mains
4 MOVE AWAY FROM BUILDINGS AND POWERLINES IF POSSIBLE
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